The LNCS journal Transactions on Large-scale Data and Knowledge-centered Systems focuses on data management, knowledge discovery, and knowledge processing, which are core and hot topics in computer science. Since the 1990s, the Internet has become the main driving force behind application development in all domains. An increase in the demand for resource sharing across different sites connected through networks has led to an evolution of data- and knowledge-management systems from centralized systems to decentralized systems enabling large-scale distributed applications providing high scalability. This, the 55th issue of Transactions on Large-Scale Data and Knowledge-Centered Systems, contains five fully revised regular papers covering a wide range of very hot topics in the fields of data driven science life science, workflows, weak signals, online social networks, root cause analysis, detected anomalies, analysis of interplanetary file systems, concept weighting in knowledge graphs, and neural networks.